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See related losartan + hydrochlorothiazide information
| | | HTN. | | Adult: PO Per tab contains losartan 50 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg: 1 tab once daily. Up to 2 tab once daily 2-4 wk later if needed. Max: 2 tab/day.
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| | Pregnancy, lactation; intravascular volume depletion. | | Existing electrolyte disturbances; hepatic cirrhosis; severe hepatic failure; oedema; elderly (>75 yr); renal impairment; hepatic impairment; diabetes, gout, hyperlipidaemia; hyperuricaemia; ECG: LVH and/or ventricular ectopics extrasystoles); volume depleted patients; patients on diuretics and salt restriction; renal artery stenosis; aortic and mitral stenosis. Monitor potassium concentration. Discontinue before performing tests for parathyroid function. | | Volume depletion and electrolyte imbalance (especially hyperkalaemia); dry mouth, thirst; lethargy, drowsiness; muscle pain and cramps; rashes, photosensitivity, thrombocytopenia, jaundice, pancreatitis; fatigue, weakness; may precipitate an attack of gout; impotence; hyperglycaemia; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhoea; sialdenitis; raised urinary calcium concentration; headache, dizziness; back pain, myalgia; first-dose hypotension; angiodema; neutropenia; GI disturbances; transient elevation of liver enzymes; taste disturbances, cough; exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematous; palpitations; xanthopsia; leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia; necrotising angiitis; glucosuria; renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, renal failure; migraine; hyponatraemia; UTI; chest pain; gastritis, wt gain, dyspepsia, abdominal pain; bronchitis, upper respiratory infection, nasal congestion, sinusitis; rise in cholesterol and/or triglycerides.
Potentially Fatal: Hypersensitivity reactions; hemolytic anaemia; toxic epidermal necrolysis. | | Hydrochlorothiazide increases plasma concentration fluconazole. Increased hypotensive effect with: ACE inhibitors, alcohol, adrenergic neurone blockers, aldesleukin, α-blockers, alprostadil, general anaesthetics, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics, baclofen, β-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, clonidine, diazoxide, epoetin, hydralazine, levodopa, MAOIs, methyldopa, minoxidil, monoxidine, nitrates, NSAIDs, oestrogens, sodium nitroprusside, tizanidine, phenothiazines. Increased risk of renal impairment with aspirin (in doses >300 mg daily), NSAIDs. Hypotensive effect antagonised by aspirin, corticosteroids, indomethacin, ketorolac. Increased risk of hyperkalaemia with potassium-sparing and aldosterone antagonists, drospirenone (monitor serum potassium during 1st cycle), epoetin, heparin, ketorolac, potassium salts. Increased risk of hypersensitivity with allopurinol (especially in renal impairment). May antagonise hypoglycaemic effects of antidiabetics. Increased risk of hypercalcaemia with calcium salts and vitamin D. Increased risk of hyponatraemia with chlorpropamide. Increased risk of hypermagnesaemia with ciclosporin. Absorption may be reduced by colestipol and colestyramine (take at least 2 hr apart).
Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity with platinum compounds, aminoglycosides. Hypokalaemia caused by diuretics may cause cardiac toxicity with amiodarone (interaction may occur for several weeks or months due to long half life of amiodarone). Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and hyperkalaemia with ciclosporin. Reduced excretion of lithium (risk of lithium toxicity with diuretics).
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| | | Category C: Either studies in animals have
revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or
other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and
animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit
justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
| | Category D: There is positive evidence of
human foetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., if the drug is needed
in a life-threatening situation or for a serious disease for which safer drugs
cannot be used or are ineffective).
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For special storage condition to ensure optimal shelf-life of medicine...
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For details of the mechanism of action, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics and toxicology ...
click to view | | Angiotensin II Antagonists / Diuretics | | C03AA03 - hydrochlorothiazide; Belongs to the class of low-ceiling thiazide diuretics. Used to promote excretion of urine.
C09CA01 - losartan; Belongs to the class of angiotensin II antagonists. Used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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