Allopurinol

Should be taken with food. Take immediately after meals.

HLA-B*58:01-positive patient.

Patient with abnormal Fe storage (including haemochromatosis), thyroid disorder. Not intended for the treatment of an acute gout attack. Renal and hepatic impairment. Children. Pregnancy and lactation. Patients taking allopurinol (300-600 mg) concomitantly with mercaptopurine or azathioprine. Patient Counselling This drug may cause drowsiness or dizziness, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Ensure sufficient fluid intake while taking this medicine. Monitoring Parameters Monitor uric acid levels, CBC, LFT and renal function tests. Observe for signs/symptoms of hypersensitivity or hepatotoxicity. Monitor hydration status, therapeutic response, frequency and severity of gouty attacks.

Significant: Bone marrow suppression (e.g. leucopenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia), reversible hepatotoxicity, asymptomatic increase in serum alkaline phosphatase or transaminase levels, renal failure, acute attacks of gout, dissolution of large uric acid renal pelvic stones. Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, loss of taste, gastritis. General disorders and administration site conditions: Fever. Hepatobiliary disorders: Granulomatous hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, hepatomegaly, cholestatic jaundice, hyperbilirubinaemia. Investigations: Increased blood TSH. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Arthralgia, myopathy. Nervous system disorders: Headache, paraesthesia, neuritis, peripheral neuropathy. Psychiatric disorders: Somnolence. Renal and urinary disorders: Uraemia. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Epistaxis. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Ecchymosis, alopecia, pruritus, onycholysis, lichen planus, urticaria. Vascular disorders: Vasculitis, necrotising angiitis.
Potentially Fatal: Drug rash and eosinophilia (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, irreversible hepatotoxicity.

Reduces the metabolism of azathioprine and mercaptopurine, thus increasing the risk of severe bone marrow toxicity. May prolong the half-life of dicoumarol, chlorpropamide and vidarabine. May increase ciclosporin levels. May increase the risk of hypersensitivity in patients with decreased renal function and receiving thiazide diuretics. May inhibit the metabolism of theophylline. Uricosuric agents (e.g. probenecid) and large doses of salicylate may accelerate the excretion of oxipurinol and may result in reduced efficacy of allopurinol. Increased frequency of skin rash with concomitant ampicillin or amoxicillin.

Hyperuricemia & Gout Preparations

M04AA01 - allopurinol ; Belongs to the class of preparations inhibiting uric acid production. Used in the treatment of gout.