Cefixime

Susceptible infections.

Adult: PO 200-400 mg/day as a single or in 2 divided doses for 7-14 days depending on the severity of infection.

May be taken with or without food. May be taken w/ food or milk to reduce GI discomfort.

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins or any beta-lactam antibiotics. Premature and newborn infants.

Patient with history of cephalosporin-associated haemolytic anaemia, gastrointestinal disease, hypersensitivity to penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics. Renal impairment. Children. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling This drug may cause confusion, impaired coordination, movement disorders and convulsions as side effects, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Monitoring Parameters Monitor CBC, LFT and renal function periodically for prolonged treatment. Monitor signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis during 1st dose. Perform culture/sensitivity tests and allergy history prior to treatment initiation.

Significant: Encephalopathy including convulsions, confusion, impaired consciousness, and movement disorders (in patient with renal impairment); bacterial or fungal superinfection, decreased prothrombin activity. Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Neutropenia, thrombocytosis, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia. Gastrointestinal disorders: Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, vomiting. General disorders and administration site conditions: Pyrexia, face oedema. Hepatobiliary disorders: Jaundice, hepatitis. Immune system disorders: Serum sickness-like reaction, urticaria, angioedema. Investigations: Increased LFTs; elevated BUN, serum bilirubin and creatinine. Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Anorexia. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Arthralgia. Nervous system disorders: Headache, dizziness, vertigo. Reproductive system and breast disorders: Vaginitis, genital pruritus. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Dyspnoea. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash, pruritus.
Potentially Fatal: Drug-induced haemolytic anaemia, acute renal failure including tubulointerstitial nephritis, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea, pseudomembranous colitis, severe cutaneous reactions such as toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS); anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions including shock.

May increase prothrombin time with or without bleeding and enhance effects of anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin K). Increased bioavailability for up to 70% with nifedipine. Increased serum concentration with probenecid. May elevate plasma concentrations of carbamazepine.

Cephalosporins

J01DD08 - cefixime ; Belongs to the class of third-generation cephalosporins. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.