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Dosage/Direction for Use
Oral Brucellosis, Cholera, Cat scratch disease, Typhus, Murine typhus, Mediterranean spotted fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Q fever, Mycoplasma infections, Ornithosis, Psittacosis, Borreliosis, Chlamydial infections, Gonorrhoea Adult: 600 mg daily in 2 divided doses. Renal impairment: Dose reduction may be required. |
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity. Pregnancy and lactation. Children ≤12 yr.
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Special Precautions
Avoid direct sunlight. Renal and hepatic impairment.
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Adverse Reactions
Hypersensitivity reactions, urticaria, photosensitivity, fever, epigastric pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, oral candidiasis, vulvovaginitis, glossitis, pruritus ani, increased intracranial pressure, teeth and nail discolouration, renal dysfunction, hepatomegaly, enamel hypoplasia, neuromuscular blockade.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis. Severe renal impairment, fatty liver. |
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Drug Interactions
Absorption reduced by divalent and trivalent cations (e.g. aluminium, bismuth, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc), sodium bicarbonate, colestipol, colestyramine, kaolin-pectin. May form complex with strontium ranelate. Increased nephrotoxic effects with diuretics, methoxyflurane, other nephrotoxic drugs. Additive hepatotoxicity with potentially hepatotoxic drugs. May increase incidence of benign intracranial hypertension with retinoids. May increase concentrations of lithium, digoxin, halofantrine, theophylline. May increase effects of oral anticoagulants, ergot alkaloids and methotrexate. May reduce plasma levels of atovaquone. May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Possible antagonism with penicillins.
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Food Interaction
Avoid dairy and milk products.
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Lab Interference
May interfere with determination of urinary catecholamines or glucose.
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Action
Metacycline prevents the binding of aminoacyl transfer RNA in the ribosome 30S subunit. This inhibits protein synthesis and hence cell growth. It is bacteriostatic and has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.
Absorption: Incomplete absorption (58%) from the GI tract (oral). Distribution: Protein-binding: 75%. Crosses the placenta and distributes in breast milk. Widely distributed in tissues, bones, teeth. Excretion: Via urine, faeces and saliva. Not dialysable. Elimination half-life: Approx 14 hr. |
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CIMS Class
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ATC Classification
J01AA05 - metacycline ; Belongs to the class of tetracyclines. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
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