Metronidazole: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution

Generic Medicine Info Full Generic Medicine Info

Dosage/Direction for Use Administration Contraindications Special Precautions Adverse Reactions Pregnancy Category (US FDA) Overdosage Drug Interactions Food Interaction Lab Interference Action Storage CIMS Class ATC Classification

This information is not country-specific. Please refer to the India prescribing information.

Generic Medicine Info

Administration

Susp: Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take at least 1 hr before meals.
Tab: Should be taken with food.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to metronidazole and other nitroimidazoles. Concomitant use with disulfiram within the last 14 days. Coadministration with alcohol or propylene glycol containing products during or 3 days after therapy discontinuation. Pregnancy during the 1st trimester in the treatment of trichomoniasis.

Special Precautions

Patient with or history seizure disorder, blood dyscrasias (e.g. agranulocytosis, leukopenia, neutropenia); Cockayne syndrome. Hepatic impairment and severe renal impairment or ESRD. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling This drug may cause drowsiness, if affected do not drive or operate machinery. Monitoring Parameters Monitor CBC with differential at baseline, during, and after repeated or prolonged treatment. Monitor LFT in patients with Cockayne syndrome. Monitor neurologic symptoms.

Adverse Reactions

Significant: Severe neurological disturbances, encephalopathy, convulsive seizures, aseptic meningitis, peripheral and optic neuropathy, paraesthesia; superinfection (e.g. fungal or bacterial superinfection, C. difficile-associated diarrhoea. Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Leucopenia, neutropenia. Cardiac disorders: Chest pain, tachycardia. Ear and labyrinth disorders: Tinnitus. Eye disorders: Light sensitivity, nystagmus. Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, dry mouth, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain diarrhoea, sharp unpleasant metallic taste. Investigations: Flattening of T wave on ECG. Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Anorexia. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Myalgia. Nervous system disorders:Insomnia, headache, ataxia, vertigo, incoordination, dizziness. Psychiatric disorders: Confusion, hallucination. Reproductive system and breast disorders: Genital pruritus. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Pharyngitis, sinusitis. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Erythematous rash, urticaria, dry skin. Vascular disorders: Syncope.
Potentially Fatal: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis; severe hepatotoxicity/acute hepatic failure in patients with Cockayne syndrome.

Pregnancy Category (US FDA)

Drug Interactions

Confusional state or acute psychosis with disulfiram. May potentiate anticoagulant effect of warfarin. May retain lithium serum levels increasing the risk to renal damage. Decreased serum concentration with phenobarbital or phenytoin. May increase serum concentrations of ciclosporin and busulfan. May reduce the renal clearance of 5-fluorouracil.

CIMS Class

Antiamoebics / Other Antibiotics / Preparations for Vaginal Conditions / Topical Antibiotics

ATC Classification

A01AB17 - metronidazole ; Belongs to the class of local antiinfective and antiseptic preparations. Used in the treatment of diseases of the mouth.
P01AB01 - metronidazole ; Belongs to the class of nitroimidazole derivatives antiprotozoals. Used in the treatment amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases.
J01XD01 - metronidazole ; Belongs to the class of imidazole derivative antibacterials. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
D06BX01 - metronidazole ; Belongs to the class of other topical chemotherapeutics used in the treatment of dermatological diseases.
G01AF01 - metronidazole ; Belongs to the class of imidazole derivative antiinfectives. Used in the treatment of gynecological infections.

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