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Indications/Uses
Listed in Dosage.
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Dosage/Direction for Use
Adult: PO Prophylaxis of neurological deficit following subarachnoid haemorrhage 60 mg 4 hrly for 21 days beginning w/in 4 days of onset of haemorrhage. IV Ischaemic neurological deficits following subarachnoid haemorrhage Initial: 1 mg/hr for 2 hr, up to 2 mg/hr if no severe decrease in BP is observed. For <70 kg body wt or unstable BP: Initial: ≤0.5 mg/hr. Start treatment at once and continue for 5-14 days. Total duration should not exceed 21 days if patient has received oral treatment.
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Administration
Cap: Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take on an empty stomach 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals.
Tab: May be taken with or without food. Take consistently, either always w/ or always w/o meals. |
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Contraindications
Use w/in 1 mth of MI or an episode of unstable angina. Concomitant use w/ potent CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g. clarithromycin, ritonavir, ketoconazole, nefazodone).
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Special Precautions
Patients w/ cerebral oedema or severely raised intracranial pressure. Contents of oral capsules should be given only by mouth or through a feeding tube. It must never be administered IV or by any other parenteral route. Hepatic and renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation. Monitoring Parameters Careful monitoring of BP and pulse rate.
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Adverse Reactions
Hypotension, oedema, ECG abnormalities, palpitations, rebound vasospasm, flushing, fluid retention, lower abdominal discomfort or cramps, constipation, mental depression, headache, lightheadedness, dizziness, dyspnoea, muscle pain, thrombocytopenia, anaemia, rash, pruritus, haematoma, diaphoresis.
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Drug Interactions
Plasma concentration and efficacy may be significantly reduced when administered w/ strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g. rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin). May increase serum levels and toxicity of phenytoin. Increased plasma concentrations w/ cimetidine or sodium valproate.
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ATC Classification
C08CA06 - nimodipine ; Belongs to the class of dihydropyridine derivative selective calcium-channel blockers with mainly vascular effects. Used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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