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Indications/Uses
Listed in Dosage.
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Dosage/Direction for Use
Adult : IV Hypotensive states Emergency: 3-5 mg via slow inj. May supplement w/ IM inj for more prolonged effect. Repeat a dose 15 mins later if needed. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 10 mg via slow inj. IM Hypotensive states Moderate hypotension: 5-10 mg. Prevention of hypotension during anesth 10-15 mg shortly before or w/ spinal anesth. Up to 20 mg may be needed. Repeat a dose 15 mins later if needed.
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Dosage Details
Intramuscular
Prophylaxis of hypotension during anaesthesia Adult: 10-15 mg shortly before or with spinal anaesthesia. Up to 20 mg may be required at high levels of anaesthesia. About 15 min should elapse before repeating a dose. Intramuscular Hypotensive states Adult: As hydrochloride: Moderate hypotension: 5-10 mg. Intravenous Hypotensive states Adult: As hydrochloride: Emergency: 3-5 mg by slow inj. May be supplemented by IM inj for a more prolonged effect. About 15 min should elapse before repeating a dose. Intravenous Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Adult: As hydrochloride: 10 mg by slow inj over 3-5 min.
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Contraindications
Severe hypertension.
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Special Precautions
Hyperthyroidism, bradycardia, partial heart block, myocardial disease, poor left ventricular function, severe arteriosclerosis, pre-existing vascular disease. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Excessive BP elevations particularly with high dosage, ventricular ectopic beats, reflex bradycardia; nausea, vomiting; headache (often severe), anxiety; sweating, pilomotor response; feeling of cold and other skin sensations resulting from piloerection; uterine hypertonus, fetal bradycardia, urinary urgency.
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Overdosage
Symptoms: Undesirable elevations in BP and/or bradycardia. Management: α-adrenergic blocking agent (e.g. phentolamine) may be used for severe hypertension. Bradycardia may be abolished by atropine.
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Drug Interactions
Potentiation of pressor effects with MAOIs, TCAs, vasopressin, ergotamine, ergonovine or methylergonovine, sympathomimetic decongestants, certain appetite suppressants and amphetamine-like psychostimulants.
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Lab Interference
May increase plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels; use caution when interpreting plasma cortisol and ACTH levels.
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Action
Description: Methoxamine has mainly direct effects on α-adrenergic receptors. It causes prolonged peripheral vasoconstriction and consequently a rise in arterial BP.
Onset: IV: Within 0.5-2 min. IM: Within 15-20 min. Duration: IV: 10-15 min. IM: 1.5 hr. |
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Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (15-30°C). Protect from light.
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MIMS Class
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