As with all drugs which may affect hemostasis, bleeding is associated with clopidogrel. Hemorrhage may occur at virtually any site. Risk is dependent on multiple variables, including the concurrent use of multiple agents which alter hemostasis and patient susceptibility. Other adverse effects are as follows:
Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, dyspepsia, gastritis, diarrhea, constipation, GI hemorrhage, pancreatitis and stomatitis.
Cardiovascular: Chest pain, edema, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, cardiac failure, palpitation, syncope, angioedema and vasculitis.
Central Nervous System: Headache, dizziness, depression, fatigue, general pain, fever, insomnia, vertigo, anxiety, hemorrhagic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, confusion and hallucination.
Dermatologic: Rash (severe, maculopapular), pruritus, eczema, allergic reaction, anaphylactoid reaction, bullous reaction, urticaria, erythema multiforme, lichen planus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Endocrine-Metabolic: Hypercholesterolemia, gout, hyperuricemia and pancreatitis.
Immunologic: Serum sickness.
Genitourinary: Urinary tract infection, cystitis and hematuria.
Hematologic: Bleeding, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), epistaxis, hematoma, anemia, agranulocytosis, bilirubinemia, granulocytopenia, hypochromic anemia, neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, retroperitoneal bleeding and pancytopenia.
Hepatic: Liver function test abnormalities, fatty liver, acute liver failure and hepatitis.
Neuromuscular and Skeletal: Arthralgia, back pain, arthritis, leg cramps, neuralgia, paresthesia and weakness.
Respiratory: Dyspnea, rhinitis, bronchitis, cough, upper respiratory infection, bronchospasm, hemoptysis, hemothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage and interstitial pneumonitis.
Ocular: Cataract, conjunctivitis and ocular hemorrhage.
Miscellaneous: Flu-like syndrome, ischemic necrosis, menorrhagia, hypersensitivity and taste disorder.