Impaired absorption by PPIs (eg, omeprazole), histamine H
2-antagonists (eg, cimetidine), colchicine, neomycin & amino salicylic acid. Attenuated effect in anaemia w/ chloramphenicol. Increased absorption w/ steroid drugs eg, prednisone in patients w/ pernicious anaemia. Induced functional vit B
12 deficiency w/ nitrous oxide. Lowered serum levels w/ metformin.