Overview
Hyperprolactinemia is the presence of elevated prolactin levels that occurs in about one-thirds of patients w/ chronic kidney disease and resolves after successful transplantation.
For both sexes, a pituitary tumor may cause visual field defects or headache; in women, signs and symptoms include menstrual irregularity, galactorrhea, infertility, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, loss of libido and reduction in vertebral bone density (in sustained, pronounced hyperprolactinemia).
While in men, signs and symptoms include diminished libido, hypogonadism, gonadotrophin suppression, osteopenia, decreased muscle mass, and decreased facial hair that may occur in prolonged hyperprolactinemia.
Physiologic causes, renal failure, parasellar tumors, hypothyroidism and drug-induced hyperprolactinemia should be ruled out before extensive evaluation.
The goal in therapy is to decrease prolactin (PRL) levels and to alleviate symptoms, and if possible, discontinue offending medication.
For further information regarding the management of Hyperprolactinemia, please refer to Disease Algorithm for the Treatment Guideline.
For both sexes, a pituitary tumor may cause visual field defects or headache; in women, signs and symptoms include menstrual irregularity, galactorrhea, infertility, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, loss of libido and reduction in vertebral bone density (in sustained, pronounced hyperprolactinemia).
While in men, signs and symptoms include diminished libido, hypogonadism, gonadotrophin suppression, osteopenia, decreased muscle mass, and decreased facial hair that may occur in prolonged hyperprolactinemia.
Physiologic causes, renal failure, parasellar tumors, hypothyroidism and drug-induced hyperprolactinemia should be ruled out before extensive evaluation.
The goal in therapy is to decrease prolactin (PRL) levels and to alleviate symptoms, and if possible, discontinue offending medication.
For further information regarding the management of Hyperprolactinemia, please refer to Disease Algorithm for the Treatment Guideline.